Who does Socrates meet outside the courthouse in "Euthyphro"?

In "Euthyphro," Socrates encounters Euthyphro outside the courthouse. This dialogue presents a philosophical conversation about the nature of piety and morality, with Euthyphro claiming to have knowledge of what is pious as he is prosecuting his own father for murder. The significance of this meeting lies in the philosophical exploration of religious and ethical concepts, which Socrates interrogates through his characteristic method of questioning. The engagement between Socrates and Euthyphro serves as a foundational text for discussions about divine command theory and the essence of goodness, demonstrating how Socratic questioning can lead to deeper insights about ethical behavior.

The other figures mentioned in the choices, such as Meletus, Plato, and Aristotle, are not relevant to this specific encounter. Meletus is significant in other dialogues regarding Socrates' trial, while Plato authored the text but does not appear in it. Aristotle, a later philosopher, is not involved in this discussion at all.