What is the concept of "eternal return" as proposed by Nietzsche?

The concept of "eternal return," as proposed by Nietzsche, revolves around the notion that the universe, along with individual lives and experiences, repeats infinitely in the same exact pattern. This idea challenges individuals to consider the implications of living their lives as though they would have to relive every moment, decision, and experience for eternity. It serves as a thought experiment that prompts introspection about the choices one makes and the value of those choices in the grand continuum of existence. By advocating for this perspective, Nietzsche encourages a radical acceptance of life, emphasizing the importance of living authentically and purposefully, as one would have to embrace the full weight of one’s life indefinitely.

The other ideas presented do not align with Nietzsche's concept of eternal return. Life after death pertains to beliefs in an afterlife, which is not the focus of Nietzsche's philosophy. Linear time and progress convey a different worldview that doesn’t resonate with Nietzsche's cyclical perspective. Similarly, while the cyclical nature of historical events might suggest recurrence, it does not capture the personal and existential implications found in Nietzsche's notion of eternally reliving individual experiences.