How does democracy arise according to the philosophical perspective discussed?

The emergence of democracy, as discussed from a philosophical perspective, often emphasizes the role of the lower socioeconomic classes as a driving force for change. The idea that the poor can revolt and overthrow existing rulers highlights a fundamental aspect of political philosophy that speaks to the concept of power dynamics within society. Philosophers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau elaborated on how systemic inequalities can lead to popular uprisings and ultimately to the establishment of democratic structures.

This perspective underscores the belief that when the disenfranchised majority feels oppressed and marginalized, they may unite in pursuit of equality and representation. This collective action is seen not merely as a reactionary measure but as a necessary and rational step toward creating a fairer political system. Such revolts have historically been catalysts for democratic developments, replacing autocratic or oligarchic regimes with more inclusive governance that reflects the will of the people.

In contrast, the other explanations focus on authoritarian or elitist principles that do not align with the foundational concepts of democracy, which is rooted in the idea of popular sovereignty and collective governance rather than control by the wealthy, the educated elite, or the military.